Learning English With Mathematic

Learning English With Mathematic

A.     Mathematical Symbols

Math symbols	Meaningful mathematics statement	Math symbols	Meaningful mathematics statement
≡	identically equal	¥	an infinity sign
≅	congruent with	x ∈ X	an element x belongs to a set X
∼	approximately	x ∉ X	an element x doesn’t belong to a set X
≠	not equal to	X ⊂ Y	a set X is a subset of a set Y
≤	less than or equal to	X ∪ Y	a union of sets X and Y
≥	greater than or equal to	X ∩ Y	an intersection of sets X and Y
∧	logical and	+	plus sign/added by
∨	logical or	-	minus sign/subtracted by
∀	for all	´	multiplication/multiplied by
∃	there exists	¸	division/divided by
Σ	n-ary summation	Ö	square root/radical sign
Ð	Angle	^	orthogonal to/perpendicular
N	the set of natural numbers	p	pi = 3,14159…
Z	the set of whole numbers (integers)	!	factorial
R	the set of real numbers	∫	integral
Æ	an empty set	[a,b]	a numerical sign

B.       How to say number and symbols

       a. How to say numbers and ordinal numbers

	Number forms	Number forms in English
1 digit number	0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9	zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine
2 digit number	10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90	ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
3 digit number	100, 300, 500, ...	one hundred, three hundred, five hundred, ..
4 digit number	2000, 4000, …	two thousand, four thousand, ...
5 digit number	10 000, 30 000, ...	ten thousand, thirty, thousand,...
6 digit number	300 000	three hundred thousand
7 digit number	5 000 000	five million
8 digit number	30 000 000	thirty million
9 digit number	500 000 000	five hundred million
10 digit number	2 000 000 000	two billion

Ordinal numbers	Word	Abbreviation
1	first	1st
2	second	2nd
3	third	3rd
4	fourth	4th
5	fifth	5 th
6	sixth	6 th
7	seventh	7 th
8	eight	8 th
9	ninth	9 th
10	tenth	10 th

C.           b. How to say number combination

Numbers	Break down	Explanation
47	equals(=) 40 + 7	This number has two digits. The highest is forty, the next value is seven. Therefore it should be ‘forty seven’
683	equals (=) 600 + 80 + 3	This number has three digits. The highest value is six hundred followed by eighty followed by three. Therefore it should be ‘six hundred and eighty three’
3562	equals (=) 3000 + 500 + 60 + 2	This number has four digits. The highest value is three thousand followed by five hundred followed by sixty followed by two. Therefore it should be ‘three thousand five hundred and sixty two

D.      How to say numbers with decimal point

Numbers	Break down	Explanation
3.7	equal (=) 3 + 0.7	This number has one digit. The highest value is three followed by zero point seven. Therefore it should be ‘three point seven’
58.4	equal (=) 50 + 8 + 0.4	This number has two digits. The highest value is fifty followed by eight followed by zero point four. Therefore it should be ‘ fifty eight point four’
5,84	equal (=) 5 + 0.84	This number has one digit. The highest value is five followed by zero point eight four. Therefore it should be ‘five point eight four’

E.       How to say fraction

Generally, we can say a fraction sign (ex:  a:b or a/b) with word ‘over’, for example:

a.  37:5 , it should be said as ‘thirty seven over five’.

b.3:7 , it should be said as ‘three over seven’

Note :  The upper part of fraction called a numerator, the lower part of a fraction called a denominator.

c. Some fractions already have a designated name, but the value of the numerator should not more than the value of the denominator.

Example:

½ is half

x:3   is x-third; one-third, two-thirds, not five-thirds

x:4  is x-quarter; one-quarters, three-quarters, not seven-quarters

x:5  is x-fifth; one-fifth, two-fifths, three-fifths, not nine-fifths

F.       How to say mathematical expression

Math expression	English expression
25 + 352 = 377	Twenty five plus three hundred and fifty two is three hundred and seventy seven
45 – 56 = -11	Forty five minus fifty six is negative eleven
3 × 7 = 21	Three multiplied by seven is twenty one
24 : 6 = 4	Twenty four divided by six is four
43 = 64	Four raised to the power of three is sixty four or four cubed is sixty four
Ö625= 25	The square root of six hundred and twenty five is twenty five
3Ö64 = 4	The cube root of sixty four is four or the third root of sixty four is four
3Ö32 = 2	The fifth root of thirty two is two
x + y = 12	x plus y is twelve
x = y – 10	The value of x is equal to the value of y minus t
x < y + 3	The value of x is less than the value of y plus three

G.      Mathematics In English terms
Build Flat Forms in English:

H.      Types of Angles in English:

• Bilangan Bulat = Integers (Z)
• Bilangan Asli = Natural number (N)
• Bilangan Cacah = Whole number (W)
• Bilangan Genap = Even number
• Bilangan Ganjil = Odd number
• Penjumlahan = Addition
• Pengurangan = Subtraction
• Pembagian = Divisio
• Perkalian = Multiplication
• Sifat asosiatif = Associative principle
• Sifat komutatif = Commutative principle
• Kelipatan persekutuan terkecil (KPK) = Least common multiple
• Faktor persekutuan terbesar (FPB) = Greatest common divisor
• Pecahan = fraction
• Pecahan-pecahan yang senilai dan tidak senilai = Equality and inequality of rational numbers
• Pecahan campuran = Mixed rational number
• Desimal = Decimals
• Operasi bilangan desimal = The operations of decimals
• Garis bilangan = The number line
• Bentuk baku = Scientific notation
• Pangkat bilangan = Powers of numbers
• Bentuk aljabar = Algebraic forms
• Aritmatika sosial = Social arithmetic
• Persamaan linier = Linear equations
• Variabel = Variable
• Pertidaksamaan linier = Linear inequalities
• Modulus (Pengayaan) = Enrichment
• Perbandingan = Proportion
• Pembilang= Numerator
• Penyebut = Denominator
• Perbandingan seharga = Direct proportion
• Perbandingan berbalik harga = Inverse proportion
• Garis = Lines
• Sudut = Angles
• Derajat = Degrees
• Keliling = Circumference
• Luas = Area
• Sisi = Side
• Sudut dalam = Interior angle
• Himpunan = Sets
• Himpunan semesta = Universal set
• Gabungan himpunan = Union of sets
• Irisan himpunan = Intersection of sets
• Komplemen suatu himpunan = Complement of a set
• Diagram Venn = Venn diagrams
• Himpunan-himpunan yang sama = Equal sets
• Himpunan-himpunan yang ekuivalen = Equivalent sets
• Himpunan-himpunan yang saling lepas (Saling asing) = Disjoint sets

Referensi:

http://www.bymath.com/symbols/symbols.html

http://shinduasha.blogspot.com/2010/02/istilah-matematika-dalam-bahasa-inggris_26.html